变压器方式和开关方式有啥区别

Release time:2023-09-19
author:AMEYA360
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变压器方式和开关方式有啥区别

变压器方式和开关方式有啥区别  

如果比较电路构造,会发现因转换方式不同,构造有些差异,但仍以采用开关方式的电路较为复杂。此外,开关方式必须使用控制电路(基本上使用IC)。

  两者使用部件非常类似,但开关方式大多为高耐压部件。部件的规格也会影响到制造成本。

  不过,两者最大差异在于效率,而体积/重量也是开关方式较占优势。

  举例来说,最近特别是便携设备的充电用AC适配器变得既小又轻?图11是常看到的AC适配器,但左边采用变压器方式,右边则是开关方式。两者规格相互比较之下,右边明显偏小,但输出却可达1W以上,反而较大。

  变压器方式和开关方式有啥区别

  对此,开关方式是将先将AC输入(50/60Hz)DC化再转换成高频的AC,因此能使用较小的变压器和输出电容器,大幅度缩小外形尺寸。基本工作方式和先前说明的“开关方式为将AC输入整流-平滑后,其余步骤则和DC/DC转换器相同”完全一样。效率方面的情况也是如此,采用开关方式时,由于只须扣除必要的功率,因此能提升效率,如此一来自然可以抑制发热。

  至于设计,必须配合效率、尺寸和成本,但如果能先理解方式不同造成的差异,以及各方式的优缺点,就可以选出优化的方式。近年来,AC适配器面临到待机功率的问题,但只要采用开关方式,就有望顺利解决该问题。


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