PCB的基本功能及五大基本要素总结

Release time:2025-04-14
author:AMEYA360
source:网络
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  1、什么是PCB

  PCB:英文名称,Printed circuit board;中文名称,印刷电路板。是电子工程师最熟悉的一个专业术语之一。没有焊接电子元器件的裸板PCB又被称为PWB(Printed Wiring Board,印刷线路板)。本文总结PCB的基本要素,帮助电子工程师更深入和全面的认识PCB。

PCB的基本功能及五大基本要素总结

  2、PCB的功能

  PCB的最基本功能是提供电子元器件的载体,并提供电子元器件之间的连接线网络。同时PCB板还具有绝缘,隔热,防潮等功能。3、PCB的五个基本要素用

  要素一:载板

  PCB的载板又称为基板,是安装和固定电子元器件的板子。按照PCB基板的材料和机械特性不同,常用的载板有FR-4,FPC软板,铝基板,铜基板,罗杰斯板和铁氟龙板等。

  要素二:导线

  普通导线和电源及地平面均是PCB的导线,PCB的导线由整片的铜箔构成,通过刻蚀形成线条或网格,并完成电子元器件之间的电气连接。

  要素三:PAD

  PAD又称为焊盘,如果将电子元器件直接焊接到PCB的导线上,是不可靠的。通常在导线的末端增加PAD,用于焊接电子元件,将电子元器件焊接到PAD上,更加牢固和可靠。通孔和表贴的焊盘均被称为PAD。

  要素四:绿油

  绿油是PCB表层的绿色(或其他颜色)颜料,又被成为阻焊(solder mask)。具有绝缘和防护的功能,也可以放置电子元器件焊接错位或焊接管脚间连焊。

  要素五:丝印

  丝印是在绿油表面上印制的图形,数字,文字等信息,用于指导焊接和记录PCB的版本号。


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